1. Why This Course — and Why Now

The world is undergoing the most significant industrial transition since electrification. Climate regulation, carbon pricing, and disclosure obligations are no longer voluntary topics for the sustainability department alone — they are now operational, financial, and strategic realities that affect every manufacturing line, every shipment, and every product sold.

From 2026 onwards, the European Union’s Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) moves into its full financial phase, requiring importers to pay for embedded carbon in goods such as steel, aluminium, cement, fertilisers, electricity, and hydrogen. India’s own Carbon Credit Trading Scheme (CCTS) is rolling out compliance and offset markets in parallel. Global buyers — from Walmart and Apple to Maersk and Unilever — are now asking Indian suppliers for product-level carbon data as a condition of doing business.

The result: every manufacturer, exporter, logistics provider, and service organisation will, within the next 24 to 36 months, be required to measure, report, and reduce their greenhouse gas emissions. Yet the supply of qualified professionals who can perform GHG accounting, prepare verifiable documentation, and guide companies through this transition is critically short.

This course is designed to close that gap.

It introduces the science, the regulatory landscape, and the practical accounting techniques behind carbon emissions and carbon credits — in two structured days — so that participants leave with both the foundational understanding and a clear roadmap toward a professional career or organisational capability in this space.

Who Benefits from This Course ?

Who Benefits	What They Take Away
Manufacturing Companies	Ability to calculate emissions per unit of product, respond to buyer questionnaires (CDP, EcoVadis, SBTi), prepare for CBAM, BRSR, and internal sustainability targets, and identify low-cost decarbonisation levers within existing operations.
Exporters & Supply Chain Teams	Confidence in handling Scope 3 questions from international buyers, ability to provide product carbon footprint (PCF) data, and readiness for CBAM-impacted commodities entering EU, UK, and other emerging carbon-priced markets.
Career Aspirants & Graduates	A structured entry point into one of the fastest-growing professional fields globally — GHG accounting, ESG advisory, carbon consulting, and sustainability auditing. A clear progression map to advanced certifications and consulting roles.
Consultants & Trainers	Working knowledge of the GHG Protocol, ISO 14064 family, scope-wise calculation methodology, and the documentation evidence chain required for third-party verification — enabling delivery of paid advisory services.
MSMEs & Logistics Providers	Understanding of how transport, warehousing, fuel, and packaging contribute to a customer’s Scope 3 — and how this is increasingly used in vendor selection and tendering decisions.

Foundations: The Science, the Market, and the Business Case

Session 1.1  |  Introduction to Carbon Credits and the Climate Imperative

• What is a carbon credit, and how is one credit defined (1 tCO₂e)?
• History of carbon markets: Kyoto Protocol, Paris Agreement, Article 6, and the post-2025 landscape.
• Compliance markets vs voluntary markets: EU ETS, India CCTS, Verra, Gold Standard, and registry mechanics.
• How a carbon credit is generated, verified, issued, traded, and retired.

Session 1.2  |  Greenhouse Gases: What They Are and Why We Measure Them

• The seven Kyoto gases: CO₂, CH₄, N₂O, HFCs, PFCs, SF₆, NF₃.
• Global Warming Potential (GWP) and the concept of CO₂-equivalent (CO₂e) — why methane is ~28x more potent than CO₂ over 100 years.
• The greenhouse effect explained: radiative forcing, atmospheric lifetime, and why GHGs are the unit of measurement.
• Why every emission is converted to a single CO₂e number for accounting, trading, and reporting.

Session 1.3  |  Why Manufacturing Companies Must Understand Their Carbon Emissions

• CBAM, BRSR (top 1000 listed companies in India), SEC climate disclosures, and CSRD — the converging regulatory wall.
• Buyer-driven pressure: how Apple, Walmart, IKEA, Tata, Reliance, and Mahindra are pushing carbon data into supplier contracts.
• Financial impact: green finance, lower cost of capital, ESG-linked loans, and carbon taxes.
• Operational impact: energy cost reduction, process efficiency, and waste-to-resource opportunities that emerge from emission mapping.

Session 1.4  |  Product Carbon Footprint — Why “Per Piece” Matters

• The difference between organisational footprint and product carbon footprint (PCF).
• ISO 14067 and GHG Protocol Product Standard — what they require.
• Cradle-to-gate vs cradle-to-grave boundaries.
• Worked example: calculating kgCO₂e per kilogram of finished steel, per garment, or per litre of finished product.
• Why buyers, eco-labels, and CBAM specifically need a per-unit number — not just a company total.

Session 1.5  |  Ways to Reduce, Offset, and Neutralise Carbon Emissions

• The mitigation hierarchy: Avoid → Reduce → Replace → Offset.
• Energy efficiency, fuel switching, electrification, and renewable energy procurement (PPAs, RECs, on-site solar).
• Process improvements, circular design, low-carbon materials, and product redesign.
• Carbon offsetting: when it is legitimate, how to avoid greenwashing, and the role of high-quality removal credits.
• Internal carbon pricing as a management tool.